KEYWORD SEARCHING PRINCIPLES                                                                                                                                

Operators AND, OR, NOT combine terms using Boolean logic.

          AND           Connects terms to retrieve every record in which all of the specified words appear, regardless of their position in the records. AND is generally used to combine unlike concepts.

 human rights and africa
nigeria and women

          OR              Connects terms to retrieve every record in which any one of the words or both appear in the records regardless of their position in the records. OR is usually used to combine like concepts, synonymous terms, or variant spellings.

rites or rituals
journal or diaries

          NOT           Excludes any words following NOT and retrieves records in which only the first term appears. The NOT operator should be used with caution. To find African, but not African-American:

african and not american

          The Library Catalog uses AND NOT, other databases mat only use NOT.

Nesting enables you to make complex searches. Use parentheses to indicate which terms should be searched together.

nigeria and (rites or rituals) 
africa and (textiles or fibers)

Phrase searching

When you type in a phrase, different things can happen.

In Truman’s Library Catalog if you enter:

economic policy the system will look for these words as a phrase in the title, and then AND the words economic and policy

To search only for a phrase, put it in quotes:  “economic policy”

 Truncation searches for various forms of a word.

The truncation symbol varies in each database.

          In the Library Catalog mission* retrieves mission, missions, missionary, missionaries.

  For more information, read the help screens!

jir